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Cardinal tetra
The cardinal tetra (''Paracheirodon axelrodi'') is a freshwater fish of the characin family (family Characidae) of order Characiformes. It is native to the upper Orinoco and Negro Rivers in South America. Growing to about total length, the cardinal tetra has the striking iridescent blue line characteristic of the ''Paracheirodon'' species laterally bisecting the fish, with the body below this line being vivid red in color, hence the name "cardinal tetra". The cardinal tetra's appearance is similar to that of the closely related neon tetra, with which it is often confused; the neon's red coloration extends only about halfway to the nose, and the neon's blue stripe is a less vibrant blue.
The cardinal tetra is a very popular aquarium fish, but is less widespread than the neon tetra because until recently, it was difficult to breed in captivity. However, many breeders are now producing the fish; in most cases one can determine if the cardinal tetra is bred or wild-caught due to damaged fins on wild caught specimens. Normally, aquarists prefer to buy tank-bred fish, but some Brazilian ichthyologists believe fishkeepers should continue to support the sustainable cardinal fishery of the Amazon basin, since thousands of people are employed in the region to capture fish for the aquarium trade. If those fishermen lost their livelihoods catching cardinals and other tropical fish, they might turn their attention to engaging in deforestation.
==Taxonomy==
American ichthyologist Leonard Peter Schultz described the cardinal tetra in 1956 as ''Cheirodon axelrodi''. The specific epithet honors ichthyologist Herbert R. Axelrod. ''Hyphessobrycon cardinalis'' is an obsolete synonym. The fish's common name, cardinal tetra, refers to the brilliant red coloration, reminiscent of a cardinal's robes. ''P. axelrodi'' is also often called the red neon tetra.
The species exists in a number of different color forms or phenotypes. A "gold" and "silver-blonde" form exist in the Rio Negro drainage which has less blue in the longitudinal stripe. The normal form from the Rio Negro drainage has a blue stripe which extends to the adipose fin, while the Orinoco drainage phenotype has a stripe which stops posterior to the adipose. The Orinoco phenotype may represent a subspecies of ''P. axelrodi''.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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